Reflections on Education, IQ, Democracy (Prologue)

Exhibit A:

Unsuccessful application by James Murray, who in 1879 would become the primary editor and generative force behind the Oxford English Dictionary, for a position at the British Museum Library in 1866:

I have to state that Philology, both Comparative and special, has been my favourite pursuit during the whole of my life, and that I possess a general acquaintance with the languages and literature of the Aryan and Syro-Arabic classes—not indeed to say that I am familiar with all or nearly all of these, but that I possess that general lexical & structural knowledge which makes the intimate knowledge only a matter of a little application. With several I have a more intimate acquaintance as with the Romance tongues, Italian, French, Catalan, Spanish, Latin & in a less degree Portuguese, Vaudois, Provençal & various dialects. In the Teutonic branch, I am tolerably familiar with Dutch (having at my place of business correspondence to read in Dutch, German, French & occasionally other languages), Flemish, German and Danish. In Anglo-Saxon and Moeso-Gothic my studies have been much closer, I having prepared some works for publication upon these languages. I know a little of the Celtic, and am at present engaged with the Sclavonic, having obtained a useful knowledge of Russian. In the Persian, Achaemenian Cuneiform, & Sanscrit branches, I know for the purposes of Comparative Philology. I have sufficient knowledge of Hebrew & Syriac to read at sight the Old Testament and Peshito; to a less degree I know Aramaic Arabic, Coptic and Phenician to the point where it was left by Gesenius.

Exhibit B:

Required reading for guest lecturer W. H. Auden’s one-semester course “Fate and the Individual in European Literature,” open to juniors, seniors, and graduate students at the University of Michigan in 1941:

The Divine Comedy—Dante

The Agamemnon—Aeschylus

or

The Antigone—Sophocles

Odes—Horace

Confessions—Augustine

Henry IV, Part 2, Othello, Hamlet, The Tempest—Shakespeare

Volpone—Ben Jonson

Pensées—Pascal

Phèdre—Racine

Marriage of Heaven and Hell—William Blake

Faust, Part 1—Goethe

Fear and Trembling—Kierkegaard

Journals—Baudelaire

Peer Gynt—Ibsen

The Brothers Karamazov—Dostoevsky

Une Saison en Enfer—Rimbaud

The Education of Henry Adams—H. Adams

Moby Dick—Melville

Journal of My Other Self—Rilke

Das Schloß—Kafka

Family Reunion—Eliot

The Libretti for the following operas:

Orpheus—Glück

Don Giovanni—Mozart

The Magic Flute—Mozart

Fidelio—Beethoven

Flying Dutchman—Wagner

Tristan and Isolde—Wagner

Götterdämmerung—Wagner

Carmen—Bizet

Traviata—Verdi

Recommended Critical Reading:

Patterns of Culture—Ruth Benedict

From the South Seas—Margaret Mead

Middletown—Lynd

The Heroic Age—Chadwick

Epic and Romance—W. P. Ker

Plato Today—R. H. S. Crossman

Christianity and Classical Culture—C. N. Cochrane

The Allegory of Love—C. S. Lewis